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Dong Fang Hong I
''Dongfanghong I'' (Red East 1) (), also known as ''China 1'', was the People's Republic of China's first space satellite, launched successfully on 24 April 1970 (after one failed attempt on 16 November 1969) as part of the PRC's Dongfanghong space satellite program. At , it was heavier than the first satellites of other countries. The satellite carried a radio transmitter which broadcast the song of the same name, ''Dōngfānghóng'' or "The East Is Red"; the broadcast lasted for 20 days while in orbit.
It was developed under the direction of Qian Xuesen (Tsien Hsue-shen), dean of the Chinese Academy of Space Technology (CAST). At the time, a total of five identical satellites were created. The first satellite launched successfully. The academy formulated a "Three-Satellite Plan" consisting of ''Dongfanghong I'', re-entry satellites, and geosynchronous orbit communications satellites. Sun Jia-Dong was responsible for the ''Dongfanghong I'' technology. In 1967, Dang Hongxin chose a copper antenna membrane that resolved the difficulties of broadcasting on an ultra-short wave antenna between 100 °C and −100 °C. Engineers installed a music player playing "The East is Red" on the satellite.
== Launch ==
While ''Dongfanghong I'' was transported to the launch site by train, armed guards were placed between every two electricity poles. On 24 April 1970 at 9:35 pm, a Long March I rocket (CZ-1) lifted off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, placing the ''Dongfanghong I'' satellite in orbit at 9:48 pm.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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